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Sarma, V. S.
- Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves and High-Resolution Electrical Resistivity Tomography in Detection of Subsurface Features in Northwest Himalaya
Abstract Views :262 |
PDF Views:97
Authors
Affiliations
1 School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Himachal, Dharamshala 176 207, IN
2 CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
3 Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, New Delhi 110 003, IN
1 School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Himachal, Dharamshala 176 207, IN
2 CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
3 Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, New Delhi 110 003, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 108, No 12 (2015), Pagination: 2230-2239Abstract
Geophysical studies using multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) and high-resolution electrical resistivity tomography (HERT) have been jointly carried out on an experimental basis in the field. The motive is to study shallow subsurface features (i.e. faults traces, cavities and palaeo-channels) in the foothill zone of Northwest Himalaya. These techniques have shown their potentiality in successfully identifying shallow (0-24 m) fault traces and dissolution features/palaeo-channels. Depending on the sensitivity of the MASW and HERT techniques, geophysical signatures of the subsurface features were recorded and further resolved with the help of synthetic simulation. The synthetic simulation of 2D electrical response has been carried out over the initial model for subsurface fault traces as well as palaeo-channels. The initial model has been refined iteratively to bring the synthetic response close to the field response and hence the final refined model is considered to be the true representation of the subsurface.Keywords
Fault Traces, High-Resolution Electrical Resistivity Tomography, Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves, Synthetic Simulation, Palaeo-Seismology.Full Text
- Characterisation of Groundwater Chemistry in an Eastern Coastal Area of Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu
Abstract Views :322 |
PDF Views:4
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Earth Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry – 605 104, IN
2 Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar – 608 002, IN
3 National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad -500 007, IN
1 Department of Earth Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry – 605 104, IN
2 Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar – 608 002, IN
3 National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad -500 007, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 78, No 6 (2011), Pagination: 549-558Abstract
The groundwater quality detoriation due to various geochemical processes like saline water intrusion, evaporation and interaction of groundwater with brines is a serious problem in coastal environments. Understanding the geochemical evolution is important for sustainable development of water resources. A detailed investigation was carried out to evaluate the geochemical processes regulating groundwater quality in Cuddalore district of Tamilnadu, India. The area is entirely underlined by sedimentary formations, which include sandstone, clay, alluvium, and small patches of laterite soils of tertiary and quaternary age. Groundwater samples were collected from the study area and analyzed for major ions. The electrical conductivity (EC) value ranged from 962 to 11,824 μS/cm, with a mean of 2802 μS/cm. The hydrogeochemical evolution of groundwater in the study area starts from Mg-HCO3 type to Na-Cl type indicating the cation exchange reaction along with seawater intrusion. The Br/Cl ratio indicates the evaporation source for the ion. The Na/Cl ratios indicate groundwater is probably controlled by water-rock interaction, most likely by derived from the weathering of calcium-magnesium silicates. The plot of (Ca+Mg) versus HCO3 suggests ions derived from sediment weathering. The plot of Na+K over Cl reflects silicate weathering along with precipitation. Gibbs plot indicates the dominant control of rock weathering. Factor analysis indicates dominance of salt water intrusion, cation-exchange and anthropogenic phenomenon in the study.Keywords
Groundwater, Geochemical Facies, Ionic Ratios, Factor Analysis, Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu.
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- Dual Transmitter–Receiver Electromagnetic System for Lateral Boundary Detection of Subsurface Formations
Abstract Views :201 |
PDF Views:68
Authors
R. Rajesh
1,
V. S. Sarma
1
Affiliations
1 CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
1 CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 114, No 08 (2018), Pagination: 1747-1751Abstract
A new frequency domain electromagnetic system, based on different working principle has been designed and its efficacy tested over the existing systems through laboratory-scale-model studies. In this system, two transmitter coils have been employed to generate a magnetic null plane at their geometric centre. The receiver coil is placed in the null plane to record the induced secondary field. The interaction of the primary field is almost negligible on the secondary field recorded by the receiver. We present the theory and physical model results describing the system parameters and efficacy. The testing through physical model studies suggests an increased depth of detection in this new configuration compared to the existing systems. In terms of secondary field, the strength of the anomaly reflects the magnetic permeability/susceptibility difference of the subsurface medium on either side of the receiver. The study concludes that there is significant increase in depth of investigation and secondary field strength in this system over the existing conventional frequency domain systems and also more robust for boundary detection.Keywords
Conducting Bodies, Electromagnetic System, Magnetic Permeability, Physical Model Studies, Susceptibility.Full Text
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- Resolution Enhancement for Geoelectrical Layer Interpretation of Electrical Resistivity Model from Composite Dataset:Implication from Physical Model Studies
Abstract Views :222 |
PDF Views:76
Authors
Affiliations
1 CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
1 CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad 500 007, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 116, No 8 (2019), Pagination: 1356-1362Abstract
Besides the high resolution offered by HERT, the resistivity models obtained using different electrode arrays differ significantly in geological structure and resistivity range. We combine the apparent resistivity data from multiple arrays to provide single resistivity model of high resolution as ‘composite method’. Initially, the method was tested on physical model data obtained over horizontal marble sheet kept in water. The parameters of target (resistivity, geometry, thickness) noticed in the resistivity model corresponding to composite method are appropriately matching with the true parameters. Finally, the method was applied to the data from Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India for groundwater studies. The resistivity model obtained using the proposed method has shown good match with regional hydro-geology and borehole data. The results from physical model as well as field data suggest plausible resolution enhancement in composite methodology for resolving thin layer(s) in 2D and 3D electrical resistivity tomography and induced polarization (IP) studies.Keywords
Electrical Resistivity Tomography, Groundwater, Induced Polarization, Physical Model Studies, Resolution Enhancement.Full Text
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